Newton.hh

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/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *\
 * Copyright (c) 2025, Davide Stocco, Mattia Piazza and Enrico Bertolazzi.                       *
 *                                                                                               *
 * The Optimist project is distributed under the BSD 2-Clause License.                           *
 *                                                                                               *
 * Davide Stocco                          Mattia Piazza                        Enrico Bertolazzi *
 * University of Trento               University of Trento                  University of Trento *
 * davide.stocco@unitn.it            mattia.piazza@unitn.it           enrico.bertolazzi@unitn.it *
\* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
#pragma once
 
#ifndef OPTIMIST_SCALAR_ROOT_FINDER_NEWTON_HH
#define OPTIMIST_SCALAR_ROOT_FINDER_NEWTON_HH
 
#include "Optimist/ScalarRootFinder.hh"
 
namespace Optimist
{
  namespace ScalarRootFinder
  {
 
    /*\
     |   _   _               _
     |  | \ | | _____      _| |_ ___  _ __
     |  |  \| |/ _ \ \ /\ / / __/ _ \| '_ \
     |  | |\  |  __/\ V  V /| || (_) | | | |
     |  |_| \_|\___| \_/\_/  \__\___/|_| |_|
     |
    \*/

    template <typename Real>
    class Newton : public ScalarRootFinder<Real, Newton<Real>>
    {
    public:
      static constexpr bool requires_function{true};
      static constexpr bool requires_first_derivative{true};
      static constexpr bool requires_second_derivative{false};
 
      OPTIMIST_BASIC_CONSTANTS(Real) 
 
      // Function types
      using FunctionWrapper         = typename ScalarRootFinder<Real, Newton<Real>>::FunctionWrapper;
      using FirstDerivativeWrapper  = typename ScalarRootFinder<Real, Newton<Real>>::FirstDerivativeWrapper;
      using SecondDerivativeWrapper = typename ScalarRootFinder<Real, Newton<Real>>::SecondDerivativeWrapper;

      Newton() {}

      std::string name_impl() const {return "Newton";}

      bool solve_impl(FunctionWrapper function, FirstDerivativeWrapper first_derivative, Real x_ini,
        Real & x_sol)
      {
        #define CMD "Optimist::ScalarRootFinder::Newton::solve(...): "
 
        // Setup internal variables
        this->reset();
 
        // Print header
        if (this->m_verbose) {this->header();}
 
        // Initialize variables
        bool damped;
        Real residuals, step_norm;
        Real x_old, x_new, function_old, function_new, step_old, step_new;
        Real first_derivative_old;
 
        // Set initial iteration
        x_old = x_ini;
        this->evaluate_function(function, x_old, function_old);
 
        // Algorithm iterations
        Real tolerance_residuals{this->m_tolerance};
        Real tolerance_step_norm{this->m_tolerance * this->m_tolerance};
        for (this->m_iterations = static_cast<Integer>(1); this->m_iterations < this->m_max_iterations; ++this->m_iterations)
        {
          // Store trace
          this->store_trace(x_old);
 
          // Evaluate first derivative
          this->evaluate_first_derivative(first_derivative, x_old, first_derivative_old);
 
          // Calculate step
          if (std::abs(first_derivative_old) < EPSILON_LOW) {
            OPTIMIST_WARNING( CMD "singular first derivative detected.");
            first_derivative_old = (first_derivative_old > 0.0) ? EPSILON_LOW : -EPSILON_LOW;
          }
          step_old = -function_old/first_derivative_old;
          OPTIMIST_ASSERT(std::isfinite(step_old), CMD "step " << this->m_iterations << " is not finite.");
 
          // Check convergence
          residuals = std::abs(function_old);
          step_norm = std::abs(step_old);
          if (this->m_verbose) {this->info(residuals);}
          if (residuals < tolerance_residuals || step_norm < tolerance_step_norm) {
            this->m_converged = true;
            break;
          }
 
          if (this->m_damped) {
            // Relax the iteration process
            damped = this->damp(function, x_old, function_old, step_old, x_new, function_new, step_new);
            OPTIMIST_ASSERT_WARNING(damped, CMD "damping failed.");
          } else {
            // Update point
            x_new = x_old + step_old;
            this->evaluate_function(function, x_new, function_new);
          }
 
          // Update internal variables
          x_old        = x_new;
          function_old = function_new;
          step_old     = step_new;
        }
 
        // Print bottom
        if (this->m_verbose) {this->bottom();}
 
        // Convergence data
        x_sol = x_old;
        return this->m_converged;
 
        #undef CMD
      }
 
    }; // class Newton
 
  } // namespace ScalarRootFinder
 
} // namespace Optimist
 
#endif // OPTIMIST_SCALAR_ROOT_FINDER_NEWTON_HH